The long jump is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a takeoff point. Along with the triple jump, the two events that measure jumping for distance as a group are referred to as the "horizontal jumps". This event has a history in the ancient Olympic Games and has been a modern Olympic event for men since the first Olympics in 1896 and for women since 1948.
Each competitor has a set number of attempts. That would normally be three trials, with three additional jumps being awarded to the best eight or nine (depending on the number of lanes on the track at that facility, so the event is equatable to track events) competitors. All valid attempts will be recorded but only the best mark counts towards the results. The competitor with the longest valid jump (from either the trial or final rounds) is declared the winner at the end of competition. In the event of an exact tie, then comparing the next best jumps of the tied competitors will be used to determine place. In a large, multi-day elite competition (like the Olympic Games or World Championships), a qualification is held in order to select at least 12 finalists. Ties and automatic qualifying distances are potential factors. In the final, a set of trial round jumps will be held, with the best eight performers advancing to the final rounds. (For specific rules and regulations in United States Track & Field see Rule 185):*See Rule 185 in
For record purposes, the maximum accepted wind assistance is .
Traditionally, the jump distance is measured from the foul line to the nearest break in the sand. Under the new trial, the measurement will instead be taken from the exact point where the jumper's front foot leaves the zone. Consequently, the effective jump distance is crucial for the outcome of the competition.
During the test phase, the jumps will also be recorded according to the traditional rules and will therefore be eligible for records and top lists.
The long jump was considered one of the most difficult of the events held at the Games since a great deal of skill was required. Music was often played during the jump and Philostratus says that pipes at times would accompany the jump so as to provide a rhythm for the complex movements of the halteres by the athlete. Philostratus is quoted as saying, "The rules regard jumping as the most difficult of the competitions, and they allow the jumper to be given advantages in rhythm by the use of the flute, and in weight by the use of the halter."Miller, p. 67 Most notable in the ancient sport was a man called Chionis, who in the 656 BC Olympics staged a jump of .
There has been some argument by modern scholars over the long jump. Some have attempted to recreate it as a triple jump. The images provide the only evidence for the action so it is more well received that it was much like today's long jump. The main reason some want to call it a triple jump is the presence of a source that claims there once was a fifty-five ancient foot jump done by a man named Phayllos.Miller, p. 68
The long jump has been part of modern Olympic competition since the inception of the Games in 1896. In 1914, Dr. Harry Eaton Stewart recommended the "running broad jump" as a standardized track and field event for women. However, it was not until 1948 that the women's long jump was added to the Olympic athletics programme.
The length of the approach is usually consistent distance for an athlete. Approaches can vary between 12 and 19 steps on the novice and intermediate levels, while at the elite level they are closer to between 20 and 22 steps. The exact distance and number of steps in an approach depends on the jumper's experience, sprinting technique, and conditioning level. Consistency in the approach is important as it is the competitor's objective to get as close to the front of the takeoff board as possible without crossing the line with any part of the foot.
The penultimate step is longer than the previous ones and than the final one before takeoff. The competitor begins to lower his or her center of gravity to prepare the body for the vertical impulse. The last step is shorter because the body is beginning to raise the center of gravity in preparation for takeoff.
The last two steps are extremely important because they determine the velocity at which the competitor will enter the jump.
This phase is one of the most technical parts of the long jump. Jumpers must be conscious to place the foot flat on the ground, because jumping off either the heels or the toes negatively affects the jump. Taking off from the board heel-first has a braking effect, which decreases velocity and strains the joints. Jumping off the toes decreases stability, putting the leg at risk of buckling or collapsing from underneath the jumper. While concentrating on foot placement, the athlete must also work to maintain proper body position, keeping the torso upright and moving the hips forward and up to achieve the maximum distance from board contact to foot release.
There are four main styles of takeoff: the double-arm style, the kick style, the power sprint or bounding takeoff, and the sprint takeoff.
The "correct" style of takeoff will vary from athlete to athlete.
As the free leg descends to meet the takeoff leg, forming an angle of 180° relative to the ground, a symmetrical alignment is achieved with both knees positioned directly beneath the hips. This alignment marks the apex of stability during the airborne phase, as minimal rotational tendencies are manifested. This aerodynamically advantageous posture, colloquially termed the "180° position", epitomizes the pinnacle of equilibrium, affording the jumper enhanced control and poise amidst the dynamic forces encountered in flight.
Central to the efficacy of this technique is its capacity to orchestrate secondary Rotation of both the upper and lower extremities, thereby fostering a mechanical equilibrium that counterbalances the initial rotational impulses triggered upon liftoff. By implementing this methodological approach, athletes can harness the principles of biomechanics to optimize their jumping performance, enhancing stability, control, and overall efficiency in their aerial endeavors. This nuanced understanding underscores the intricate interplay between physics and human kinetics, illuminating the sophisticated strategies employed by athletes to excel in their athletic pursuits.
Some jumps over have been officially recorded. Wind-assisted were recorded by Powell at high altitude in Sestriere in 1992. A potential world record of was recorded by Iván Pedroso also in Sestriere. Despite a "legal" wind reading, the jump was not validated because videotape revealed a person standing in front of the wind gauge, invalidating the reading (and costing Pedroso a Ferrari valued at $130,000—the prize for breaking the record at that meet). Pedroso may lose record . The Victoria Advocate (4 August 1995). As mentioned above, Lewis jumped moments before Powell's record-breaking jump with the wind exceeding the maximum allowed. This jump remains the longest ever not to win an Olympic or World Championship gold medal, or any competition in general.
The women's world record has seen more consistent improvement, though the current record has stood longer than any other long jump world record by men or women. The longest to hold the record prior was by Fanny Blankers-Koen during World War II, who held it for over 10 years. There have been four occasions when the record was tied and three when it was improved upon twice in the same competition. The current women's world record is held by Galina Chistyakova of the former Soviet Union who leapt in Saint Petersburg on 11 June 1988, a mark that has now stood for over years.
+1.7 |
1985 Paris | 7.96 m | 7.94 m | 7.88 m | |||
1987 Indianapolis | 8.23 m | 8.01 m | 8.01 m | |||
1989 Budapest | 8.37 m | 8.17 m | 8.11 m | |||
1991 Seville | 8.15 m | 8.04 m | 7.93 m | |||
1993 Toronto | 8.23 m | 8.13 m | 7.98 m | |||
1995 Barcelona | 8.51 m | 8.20 m | 8.14 m | |||
1997 Paris | 8.51 m | 8.41 m | 8.41 m | |||
1999 Maebashi | 8.62 m | 8.56 m | 8.30 m | |||
2001 Lisbon | 8.43 m | 8.16 m | 8.16 m | |||
2003 Birmingham | 8.29 m | 8.28 m | 8.21 m | |||
2004 Budapest | 8.40 m | 8.31 m | 8.28 m | |||
2006 Moscow | 8.30 m | 8.29 m | 8.19 m | |||
2008 Valencia | 8.08 m | 8.06 m | 8.01 m | |||
2010 Doha | 8.17 m | 8.08 m | 8.05 m | |||
2012 Istanbul | 8.23 m | 8.23 m | 8.22 m | |||
2014 Sopot | 8.28 m | 8.23 m | 8.21 m | |||
2016 Portland | 8.26 m | 8.25 m | 8.21 m | |||
2018 Birmingham | 8.46 m | 8.44 m | 8.42 m | |||
2022 Belgrade | 8.55 m | 8.38 m | 8.27 m | |||
2024 Glasgow | 8.22 m | 8.22 m | 8.21 m | |||
2025 Nanjing | 8.30 m | 8.29 m | 8.28 m |
1985 Paris | 6.88 m | 6.72 m | 6.44 m | |||
1987 Indianapolis | 7.10 m | 6.94 m | 6.76 m | |||
1989 Budapest | 6.98 m | 6.86 m | 6.82 m | |||
1991 Seville | 6.84 m | 6.82 m | 6.74 m | |||
1993 Toronto | 6.84 m | 6.84 m | 6.77 m | |||
1995 Barcelona | 6.95 m | 6.90 m | 6.90 m | |||
1997 Paris | 6.86 m | 6.80 m | 6.71 m | |||
1999 Maebashi | 6.86 m | 6.82 m | 6.78 m | |||
2001 Lisbon | 7.03 m | 6.98 m | 6.88 m | |||
2003 Birmingham | 6.84 m | 6.72 m | 6.70 m | |||
2004 Budapest | 6.98 m | 6.93 m | 6.92 m | |||
2006 Moscow | 6.80 m | 6.76 m | 6.76 m | |||
2008 Valencia | 7.00 m | 6.89 m | 6.88 m | |||
2010 Doha | 6.70 m | 6.67 m | 6.63 m | |||
2012 Istanbul | 7.23 m | 6.98 m | 6.89 m | |||
2014 Sopot | 6.85 m | 6.81 m | 6.77 m | |||
2016 Portland | 7.22 m | 7.07 m | 6.93 m | |||
2018 Birmingham | 6.96 m | 6.89 m | 6.85 m | |||
2022 Belgrade | 7.06 m | 6.85 m | 6.82 m | |||
2024 Glasgow | 7.07 m | 6.85 m | 6.78 m | |||
2025 Nanjing | 6.96 m | 6.83 m | 6.72 m |
1960 | Walnut | ||
1961 | Moscow | ||
1962 | Yerevan | ||
1963 | 8.33 m (27 ft 4 in) | Modesto | |
1964 | Los Angeles | ||
1965 | 8.35 m (27 ft 5 in) | Modesto | |
1966 | Dortmund | ||
Leselidze | |||
1967 | Mexico City | ||
1968 | Mexico City | ||
1969 | Odesa | ||
Chorzów | |||
1970 | Stuttgart | ||
1971 | Irvine | ||
1972 | Munich | ||
1973 | 8.24 m (27 ft in) | Westwood | |
1974 | Modesto | ||
1975 | Montreal | ||
1976 | Montreal | ||
1977 | Nova Gorica | ||
1978 | Rovereto | ||
1979 | Montreal | ||
1980 | Moscow | ||
1981 | Sacramento | ||
1982 | Indianapolis | ||
1983 | Indianapolis | ||
1984 | New York City | ||
1985 | Brussels | ||
1986 | Moscow | ||
1987 | Tsaghkadzor | ||
1988 | Indianapolis | ||
1989 | Houston | ||
1990 | Villeneuve d'Ascq | ||
1991 | Tokyo | ||
1992 | Barcelona | ||
1993 | Salamanca | ||
1994 | El Paso | ||
1995 | Salamanca | ||
1996 | Springfield | ||
1997 | Padua | ||
1998 | Bad Langensalza | ||
1999 | Maebashi | ||
2000 | Jena | ||
2001 | Lisbon | ||
2002 | New York City | ||
2003 | Castellón de la Plana | ||
2004 | Linz | ||
2005 | Helsinki | ||
2006 | Rio de Janeiro | ||
2007 | Kalamáta | ||
2008 | Hengelo | ||
2009 | Eugene | ||
2010 | Barcelona | ||
2011 | Stockholm | ||
2012 | Chula Vista | ||
Cheboksary | |||
2013 | Moscow | ||
2014 | Chula Vista | ||
2015 | Toronto | ||
2016 | Eugene | ||
2017 | Potchefstroom | ||
2018 | Bad Langensalza | ||
2019 | Doha | ||
2020 | Madrid | ||
2021 | Kallithea | ||
2022 | Belgrade | ||
2023 | Budapest | ||
2024 | Rome | ||
2025 | Toruń |
1960 | Erfurt | ||
1961 | Moscow | ||
1962 | Brussels | ||
1963 | Kurayoshi | ||
1964 | Tokyo | ||
1965 | Kyiv | ||
1966 | Dortmund | ||
Dnipropetrovsk | |||
1967 | Kyiv | ||
1968 | Mexico City | ||
1969 | Leverkusen | ||
Vienna | |||
1970 | Turin | ||
1971 | Leipzig | ||
1972 | Munich | ||
1973 | Dresden | ||
1974 | East Berlin | ||
East Berlin | |||
1975 | Nice | ||
1976 | Dresden | ||
1977 | Krasnodar | ||
1978 | Prague | ||
1979 | Potsdam | ||
1980 | Moscow | ||
1981 | Colorado Springs | ||
1982 | Bucharest | ||
1983 | Bucharest | ||
1984 | Dresden | ||
1985 | East Berlin | ||
1986 | Tallinn | ||
1987 | Indianapolis | ||
1988 | Leningrad | ||
1989 | Lipetsk | ||
1990 | Bratislava | ||
1991 | Sestriere | ||
1992 | Lausanne | ||
1993 | Zürich | ||
1994 | New York City | ||
Sestriere | |||
1995 | Liévin | ||
Sindelfingen | |||
1996 | Atlanta | ||
1997 | Athens | ||
1998 | Eugene | ||
1999 | Bogotá | ||
2000 | Rio de Janeiro | ||
2001 | Turin | ||
2002 | Annecy | ||
2003 | Milan | ||
2004 | Tula | ||
2005 | Sochi | ||
2006 | Novosibirsk | ||
2007 | Sochi | ||
2008 | Monaco | ||
2009 | Berlin | ||
2010 | Sochi | ||
2011 | Eugene | ||
2012 | Istanbul | ||
2013 | Doha | ||
2014 | Oslo | ||
2015 | Beijing | ||
2016 | Eugene | ||
2017 | Belgrade | ||
2018 | Birmingham | ||
2019 | Doha | ||
2020 | Berlin | ||
2021 | Chula Vista | ||
2022 | Chula Vista | ||
2023 | Budapest | ||
2024 | Rome | ||
2025 | Karlsruhe |
Aleksandr Menkov | 16 August 2013 | Moscow | ||
Mitchell Watt | 29 July 2011 | Stockholm | ||
Li Jinzhe | 29 June 2014 | Bad Langensalza | ||
Wang Jianan | 16 June 2018 | Guiyang | ||
Luis Rivera | 12 July 2013 | Kazan | ||
Simon Ehammer | 28 May 2022 | Götzis | ||
Jeswin Aldrin | 2 March 2023 | Ballari | ||
Gregor Cankar | 18 May 1997 | Celje | ||
Yahya Berrabah | 2 October 2009 | Beirut | ||
Ngonidzashe Makusha | 9 June 2011 | Des Moines | ||
Shotaro Shiroyama | 17 August 2019 | Fukui | ||
Lin Yu-tang | 15 July 2023 | Bangkok | ||
Roman Shchurenko | 25 July 2000 | Kyiv | ||
Filip Pravdica | 11 May 2024 | Kranj | ||
Tyrone Smith | 5 May 2017 | Houston | ||
Aliaksandar Hlavatski | 7 August 1996 | Sestriere | ||
Kareem Streete-Thompson | 1 July 2000 | Bad Langensalza | ||
Radek Juška | 27 August 2017 | Taipei City | ||
Andreas Steiner | 4 June 1988 | Innsbruck | ||
Jonathan Chimier | 24 August 2004 | Athens | ||
Damian Warner | 29 May 2021 | Götzis | ||
Emiliano Lasa | 1 May 2022 | São Paulo | ||
Gable Garenamotse | 20 August 2006 | Rhede | ||
Kristian Pulli | 11 June 2020 | Espoo | ||
Chenault Lionel Coetzee | 15 April 2023 | Windhoek | ||
Erik Nys | 6 July 1996 | Hechtel | ||
Morten Jensen | 3 July 2005 | Gothenburg | ||
Andwuelle Wright | 5 July 2019 | Querétaro | ||
Anvar Anvarov | 10 June 2023 | Geneva | ||
Emanuel Archibald | 17 May 2025 | Atlanta | ||
Daníel Ingi Egilsson | 19 May 2024 | Malmö | ||
Sergey Vasilenko | 18 June 1988 | Alma Ata | ||
Hugo Chila | 23 November 2009 | Sucre | ||
Izmir Smajlaj | 8 May 2021 | Tirana | ||
W. P. Amila Jayasiri | 16 August 2016 | Diyagama | ||
Buli Melaku | 10 May 2025 | Addis Ababa | ||
Chan Ming Tai | 7 May 2016 | Hong Kong | ||
José Luis Mandros | 30 May 2025 | Castellón de la Plana | ||
Sapwaturrahman | 26 August 2018 | Jakarta | ||
Clayton Latham | 29 July 2008 | Hamburg | ||
Daniel Pineda | 21 April 2012 | Santiago | ||
Elvijs Misāns | 12 July 2016 | Saldus | ||
Tristan James | 29 May 2022 | Chula Vista | ||
Janry Ubas | 8 May 2023 | Phnom Penh | ||
Róbert Széli | 6 July 1988 | Budapest | ||
Supanara Sukhasvasti | 10 July 2011 | Kobe | ||
Mohamed Bishty | 25 May 1985 | Chania | ||
Marcel Mayack | 2 March 2019 | Bafoussam | ||
Saleh Al-Haddad | 5 May 2009 | Kuwait City | ||
Andre Anura | 7 December 2019 | New Clark City | ||
Téko Folligan | 15 September 1999 | Johannesburg | ||
Cadeau Kelley | 18 April 2009 | Ypsilanti | ||
Raihau Maiau | 14 July 2024 | Talence |
31 July 1994 | Sestriere | |
8 July 1992 | Lausanne | |
Niurka Montalvo | 23 August 1999 | Seville |
Agate de Sousa | 27 May 2023 | Weinheim |
Yao Weili | 4 June 1993 | Jinan |
Erica Johansson | 5 July 2000 | Lausanne |
Christabel Nettey | 29 May 2015 | Eugene |
Sumire Hata | 14 July 2023 | Bangkok |
Renata Nielsen | 5 June 1994 | Seville |
Tyra Gittens | 14 May 2021 | College Station |
Marthe Koala | 2 August 2023 | Kinshasa |
Bad Langensalza | ||
Caterine Ibargüen | 9 September 2018 | Ostrava |
Ksenija Balta | 8 August 2010 | Tallinn |
Nafissatou Thiam | 18 August 2019 | Birmingham |
Darya Reznichenko | 28 June 2021 | Tashkent |
Annik Kälin | 8 June 2024 | Rome |
Bianca Stuart | 26 June 2015 | Nassau |
Akela Jones | 29 May 2021 | Chula Vista |
Dafne Schippers | 26 July 2014 | Amsterdam |
Carey McLeod | 10 March 2023 | Albuquerque | ||
Wayne Pinnock | 8 March 2024 | Boston | ||
Bogdan Țăruș | 29 January 2000 | Bucharest | ||
Mauro Vinícius da Silva | 9 March 2012 | Istanbul | ||
8 March 2014 | Sopot | |||
Su Xiongfeng | 11 March 2010 | Nanjing | ||
Greg Rutherford | 5 February 2016 | Albuquerque | ||
Simon Ehammer | 29 January 2022 | Aubière | ||
Fabrice Lapierre | 20 March 2016 | Portland | ||
Mohammed Al-Khuwalidi | 16 February 2008 | Doha | ||
Kristian Pulli | 5 March 2021 | Toruń | ||
Shunsuke Izumiya | 23 March 2025 | Nanjing | ||
Morten Jensen | 8 February 2006 | Gothenburg | ||
Marcin Starzak | 8 March 2009 | Turin | ||
Adrian Strzałkowski | 7 March 2014 | Sopot | ||
LaQuan Nairn | 18 February 2022 | Fayetteville | ||
José Luis Mandros | 20 February 2022 | Cochabamba | ||
Arnovis Dalmero | 25 January 2024 | Cochabamba | ||
Kelsey Daniel | 14 March 2025 | Virginia Beach | ||
Emiliano Lasa | 20 February 2022 | Cochabamba | ||
Mesut Yavaş | 3 March 2000 | Ames | ||
Alexandru Cuharenco | 3 February 2012 | Chișinău | ||
Siniša Ergotić | 8 February 2003 | Budapest | ||
Izmir Smajlaj | 4 March 2017 | Belgrade | ||
Mark Mason | 25 January 1991 | Johnson City | ||
Jonathan Chimier | 22 February 2004 | Aubière | ||
Damian Warner | 18 March 2022 | Belgrade | ||
Younés Moudrik | 2 February 2001 | Erfurt | ||
14 March 2001 | Madrid | |||
1 February 2002 | Erfurt | |||
Yahya Berrabah | 13 February 2010 | Valencia | ||
Raihau Maiau | 4 February 2016 | Nantes | ||
Lin Yu-tang | 12 February 2023 | Astana | ||
Luis Rivera | 7 March 2014 | Sopot | ||
Victor Castillo | 5 February 2005 | Flagstaff | ||
Ciaran McDonagh | 14 January 2006 | Blacksburg |
Yelena Belevskaya | 14 February 1987 | Moscow | ||
Jazmin Sawyers | 5 March 2023 | Istanbul | ||
Mirela Dulgheru | 23 January 1993 | Bacău | ||
Christabel Nettey | 19 February 2015 | Stockholm | ||
Larissa Iapichino | 5 March 2023 | Istanbul | ||
Khaddi Sagnia | 25 February 2018 | Glasgow | ||
Magdalena Khristova | 19 February 1998 | Stockholm | ||
Elva Goulbourne | 23 February 2002 | Fayetteville | ||
Annik Kälin | 8 March 2025 | Apeldoorn | ||
Tünde Vaszi | 29 January 1999 | Chemnitz | ||
Aiga Grabuste | 8 February 2015 | Tbilisi | ||
Ludmila Ninova | 14 February 1996 | Moscow | ||
Yulimar Rojas | 17 February 2022 | Liévin | ||
11 February 2022 | Clemson | |||
Nafissatou Thiam | 1 March 2020 | Liévin | ||
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